形容词(2)

　　1. 限定用法：形容词紧靠着〔代)名词，直接修饰该〔代)名词。

　　(1) 前位修饰：

　　(A) 字尾为en或表比较的形容词，大多只能作限定用法，放在名词的前面。

　　a wooden leg; earthen ware; his elder sister; the upper room， etc.

　　(B) 下列这些形容词只有限定用法，没有叙述用法。

　　upper; former; latter; outer; inner; utmost; mere; only; utter; main; certain; very; live; spare;

　　(C) 形容词前有so; no; too; how等字时，不定冠词应放在形容词之后。

　　He could not do it in so short a time.

　　He is no less remarkable a man than his elder brother (is).

　　(2) 后位修饰：

　　(A) 名词之后的数词+名词+old; long; high; wide; deep; etc.

　　a man eighty-five years old; a river two hundred miles long;

　　(B) 为加强语气或音调美，而将限定形容词放在后面。

　　He had a face thin and worn， but eager and resolute.

　　(C) something; anything; everyone; anybody... + 形容词。

　　I‘ll tell you something very important.

　　That’s nothing new.

　　D) 由形容词子句省略主词和动词而不的过去(或现在)分词或形容词片语。

　　I have answered all the letters (which were) received (by me).

　　Alfred was a king anxious for his people‘s welfare.

　　2. 叙述用法：形容词作补语，间接地修饰〔代)名词。

　　He was awake all the night. 〔主词补语)

　　The noise kept me awake. 〔受词补语)

　　注：可作限定用法和叙述用法的形容词。

　　I have many trustworthy friends. 和 All of my friends are trustworthy.

　　It was a hot and sultry day. 和 The weather became hot and sultry.

　　3. 作补语的形容词：

　　(1) be+形容词+介系词：由此结合而成的片语，有些等于及物动词。

　　I am fond of skiing. = I like skiing.

　　He is afraid of it. = He fears it.

　　注：其他如：be capable of; be concerned with; be (un)familiar with (to); be late for; be subject to; be worthy of; etc.

　　(2) 某些已转化为形容词的过去分词，其后通常接at; about; with; in; of等介词。

　　John is interested in English grammar.

　　He was surprised at her behaviour.

　　(3) be+形容词+介系词：可接〔代)名词，动名词，或名词子句，但名词子句若是that子句须省略介词，因that子句不可直接作介词的受词。

　　She was not aware of the facts.

　　She was not aware (of) how much her husband earned.

　　She was not aware that there is danger.

　　(4) It+ be +形容词+that子句

　　It is true that she never came.

　　此类形容词有：certain; likely; obvious; plain; possible; true; etc.

　　(A) that子句中的假设法。

　　It is appropriate that he (should) get the post. (should可省略〕

　　(B) 人称形容词亦可接其他连接词引导的子句。

　　I’m not sure why he came.

　　I‘m not clear where she went.

　　4. 有关worth; worth while; worthy的句型 如下：

　　(A) 主词(含it) + be worth + (动)名词

　　(B) It(虚主词) + be worth while + 不定词或动名词

　　(C) 主词 + be worthy + of + (动)名词

　　主词 + be worthy + 不定词

　　his book is worth reading. (= It is worth while to read this book. = This book is worthy of reading. = This book is worthy to be read.)

　　5. like和as： like只能作介词不能作连接词; as则两者都可。

　　I hoped to succeed as you have (succeeded).

　　I hoped to succeed like you.

　　I hope to succeed *like you have. (like作连词是非正式的用法)

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